Icya mbere, uruhare n'akamaro ko gupakira ifu y'amata y'abana
Muburyo bwo gutunganya, kubika no gutunganya, ifu y amata y amata azagira ingaruka mbi kubintungamubiri muburyo butandukanye.Gupakira bitandukanya amata n’ibidukikije, bityo bikuraho ingaruka ziterwa n’ibidukikije (ogisijeni, ubushuhe, urumuri, ubushyuhe na mikorobe) ku ifu y’amata, no kwirinda impinduka z’umubiri n’imiti mu ntungamubiri.Kugirango umenye neza ko ifu y amata iri murwego rwo kuzenguruka ibicuruzwa bifite ireme ryiza, byongerera igihe cyo kubaho no kubika-ubuzima bwifu y amata.
Gupakira neza kandi byiza birashobora kongera agaciro k'ifu y’amata ku baguzi bafite isuku, imirire, uburyohe ndetse n’umutekano.Gutyo, kuzamura agaciro k'ifu y'amata, guteza imbere neza kugurisha ifu y'amata.
Icya kabiri, uruhare rwo kubikagupakira azote
Azote, ihwanye na 78% yubunini bwumwuka, ibaho mukirere nkibintu byibanze kandi ntibishoboka kandi ntibishoboka.Ni gazi ya inert idafite ibara, idafite uburozi kandi idafite uburyohe.
Kuzuza azote imwe mu mifuka cyangwa mu bikoresho byuzuye ifu y’amata, itandukanya ifu y’amata itaziguye iturutse kuri ogisijeni mu kirere, kugira ngo irinde ogisijeni n’ifu y’amata y’uruhinja iterwa na okiside, gushira, ruswa hamwe n’ububiko butandukanye, bagiteri , bityo ukareba neza ifu y’amata y’uruhinja, ikongerera igihe cyo kubika ifu y’amata.
Byongeye kandi, kubera ko ibintu bidasanzwe bya azote bitandukanye no kuvura imiti, nta bisigara bisigaye.Kubera ko atome ebyiri za azote zahujwe n’imigozi itatu, imiterere ya molekile ya azote irahagaze neza, ni ukuvuga ko molekile ya azote idasabwa electron kandi ntizifunguye electron.Gusa mubihe bimwe bishobora guhuza inkwano ya covalent.Kubwibyo, azote ihagaze neza mubushyuhe bwicyumba, twavuga ko idakora, bityo ifu y amata yuruhinja muri gaze ya azote ntishobora kwangirika, izagira ubuzima burambye nubuzima-bwo kubika.
Icya gatatu, isesengura ryibyiza nibibi byuburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira ifu y amata
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gupakira amata y'ifu ni ibikoresho by'ibyuma, imifuka ya pulasitike, impapuro z'icyatsi n'ibindi bikoresho byinshi.Hano hepfo ugereranya byoroshye uburyo bwo gupakira ifu y'amata y'uruhinja:
1.Amabati
Ifishi yo gufunga: ibice bibiri bifunze.Igifuniko cya plastiki yo hanze + igipande cy'imbere (firime ya file cyangwa umupfundikizo w'icyuma)
Gukomera kwinshi kumabati yicyuma, imikorere yo kurwanya ibicuruzwa no kutagira amazi, koroshya ubwikorezi nububiko.Amabati yamata yamata yamata akozwe mumabati afite ibyuma byiza kandi biramba, gufunga igipande cyimbere bifunze burundu, mugihe umupfundikizo wicyuma gikomeye ari byiza gufunga neza kuruta firime, cyane cyane imikorere yo kurwanya ibicuruzwa mu bwikorezi.
Nyamara, ikiguzi cyo gukora amabati nayo ni menshi.
Nigute ushobora gupakira ifu y’amata mu byombo, no kuzuza Azote mu byuma, nyamuneka sura ingingo yaIfu yamata yikora Amashanyarazi.
2.Amashashi yoroheje
Ifishi yo gufunga: kashe yubushyuhe
Umufuka wa pulasitike woroshye kandi nuburyo busanzwe bwo gupakira amata yifu.Urebye gukura no kurenza ubuhanga bwo gupakira no gupakira ibintu byoroshye, gufunga no gukumira inzitizi ntabwo bigoye kubigeraho.
Nyamara, ibibi byubwoko nkibi bipfunyitse biracyari mubipfunyika ntibishobora kuboneka nyuma yo gufungura, ntibishobora kwemeza umutekano nubushya bwibirimo.
3.Ikarita Yangiza Ibidukikije
Ifishi yo gufunga: kashe yubushyuhe cyangwa kashe ya kashe
Ibirango byinshi byamahanga bipakiye mubikarito bitangiza ibidukikije, ibyo gupakira ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, byoroshye kandi bihendutse.
Ariko, kurwanya ubushuhe ntabwo ari byiza.Mububiko no gutwara nabyo bikunda guhonyora ibikomere nibindi bibazo byo gupakira.Muri icyo gihe, ubu bwoko bwo gupakira nabwo ntibushobora gukemura ikibazo cyo gukora ibintu byoroshye.Bidafunze, kurinda intungamubiri byagabanutse cyane.
Icya kane, imikorere igenzura ubwoko butatu bwo gupakira
1.Amabati
Amabati y'ibyuma bipfunyika amata y'ifu ni yo nzira nyamukuru yo gupakira amata y'ifu ku isoko, ariko kandi ni uburyo bwo gupakira ibicuruzwa byihariye byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
None, Nibihe bintu by'ingenzi bigize ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura imikorere yo gupakira ibyuma?
Amabati y'ibyuma yuzuyemo azote iyo apakiye, kumenya ogisijeni isigaye mu bombo nabyo ni ngombwa, kugira ngo birinde kwangirika kwa piside y'amata bitewe na ogisijeni ikabije.
Amabati y'icyuma agomba gufungwa burundu nyuma yo gupakirwa mubicuruzwa, bitabaye ibyo imitungo ya bariyeri ntakibazo, bityo urufunguzo rwo gupakira ni ukugerageza imikorere ya kashe.
2.Amashashi yoroheje
Imifuka ya pulasitike ihindagurika ikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no gupakira amata y’ifu y’amata, kandi ikoranabuhanga rirakuze.Ingingo z'ingenzi za plastiki yoroheje yo gupakira igenzurwa ni muburyo bwo kumenya ubushyuhe bwo gufunga ubushyuhe bwibikoresho.Kuberako abaguzi bakoresha inshuro nyinshi ifu y amata mugikorwa cyo kuyikoresha, biroroshye gukora uduce cyangwa uduce duto hejuru yububiko bwibikoresho, bikaviramo inzitizi yibikoresho byo gupakira kugabanuka.so, anti-rubbing ibikoresho byo gupakira ibikoresho byo gupakira nabyo ni ngombwa cyane.Ifu y'amata y'uruhinja ikungahaye ku ntungamubiri, kandi biroroshye okiside cyangwa gutanga metamorphose.Guhagarika amazi, gupima inzitizi ya ogisijeni nayo irakenewe cyane mubikoresho byo gupakira.Kimwe, nyuma yo gupakira mubicuruzwa, kugerageza umutungo wa kashe nabyo ni ngombwa.
3.Ikarita Yangiza Ibidukikije
Gupakira amakarito yangiza ibidukikije hamwe nibitekerezo byangiza ibidukikije no gucapa neza, ariko kandi bikundwa cyane namasosiyete yifu y amata.Ariko, kubera umwihariko wigihugu cyacu ikirere nubushuhe nubushuhe.biroroshye cyane, imikorere mibi ya ogisijeni.Kandi, gupakira amakarito yangiza ibidukikije biroroshye kwakira igikuba mugihe cyo gutwara, bikavamo guhinduka.Niba abakora ifu y amata bashaka gukoresha ibipfunyika, gupakira ubuhehere no gukora compression ni ingingo yingenzi yo kugenzura imikorere.
Hanyuma, mugihe bahisemo uburyo bwo gupakira amata yifu, abaguzi bagomba guhangayikishwa cyane no gufata ifu y amata bikwiranye no gukura kwabana bato.Iyikubereye ninziza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-01-2021